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C. i LOUGH.

INTERNAL CU SUSTIONENGINE.

APPLICATION r 0 APR.22, 1914.

U. bALCL-GH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICAHUN HL 9 APR.22, I914.

Patentei'i Alig. 22, 1916;

Jnocutoz Charles Ba loQgh.

UNITED ATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES BALQUG'HZ -01" srninormnn, 01110.

mrnnnat-oomusiion.snows.

in internal combustion engines and mgre particularly relates to the valves and their operating mechanism.

An ob]ec t of the invention is to provide a valve for the intake and exhaust ports and devices for operating the same which will be sim is and effective in operation and also in which the ;-n'oi se.due to the operation is of the invention is to decti, n in'which the operating shaftor'shafts orthe valve may be run at substantiallyengine speed, thus enabling me to utilize the shaft for operating such accesseries as the magneto, electric starter, genf erator, tire pump, etc., without the necessity of interinediatejspeedf changing gearing by coupling these accessories directly to said shaft.

A further object of the invention is to devise a construction in which the gears in corporated in the operating devices for the valves may be alike'as to'size, as a result of which a decided manufacturing advantage is obtained.

Ai-further object of the invention is to provide a construction in which the timing of the valves can be readily and easily accomplished without the necessity of making any changes in the relation between the op erating gears. I

A further object of the invention-is to provide a construction whereby the proper timing of the valves will enable the engine to be reversed without the necessity of makingl any changes in the operating devices.

A further object ofthe invention is to 'provide a construction whereby the valves may be driven at any speed, or at different speeds with respectito each other, if at any 5') time found desirable, by'simply changing the ratio between the gears on the operating and driven shafts.

A further object of the invention is to devise a construction which will permit of intake and exhaust ports of ample size and in which also a compression chamber may be Specification of mar; 1 am.

Patented Aug. 22, 1:516.

Application filed April 22, 1914. Serial No. 883,633.

provided of the most effective shape and so designed as to be capable of being machine finished to secure uniformity in the compression chamber. a

A further object is to provide a valve which will be self-adjusting for the purpose of taking up the wear.

A further object is to so arrange the valve in its relation to the cylinder that it could be operated in a simple and noiseless manner.

In the accompanying drawings :Figure l is a top,plan view of an internal combustion engine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the cylinders and valves showing the relative positions of the same with respect to each other. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5

is a vertical section of a portion of one of the cylinders and one of its valves, showing the upper portion of the valve stem Fig. 6 IS a vertical section of the lower portion of the valve stem and its operating devices.

Like parts are represented by similar characters of references in the several views.

The engine which I have illustratedin the drawings is one of 'the4-cycle type employing four cylinders, the cylinders being indicated by 1, 2, 3, and 4. The water jacket for these cylinders is indicated by 5; 6 'is the crank casing; 7 the crank shaft; 8 the cranks and 9 the piston-rods. In the present case I have shown two removable water jacketed heads 10 and 11; which not only form the heads for the cylinders but also contain bearings for the valves to be hereinafter described; each head being associated with two cylinders.

J ournaled in suitable bearings in the crank casing 6 parallel with the crank shaft are two shafts 12 and 13, arranged to be driven at engine speed from the crank shaft either by a chain or gears. In the present case the crank shaft is provided with a sprocket-wheel 14 and each of the shafts 12 and 13 has a sprocket. .15 over which sprockets pass a chain 16, although1fdes1red F tightened to firmly connect the collar 29 ing illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

shape and the bearin" of the cylinders corresponding to that head,-

the relation ofathe valves and cylinders Each of the valve; formed of a coneseat for the valves is of a similar shap E'ach valve is pro vided with an' intake"or exhaust port 19,

with the inlet or outlet port 20 inthe head of the cylinder, which port communicates with the combustion chamber 21 in the usual way. The upper end of each valve is 0 en so as to communicate with the 'mani old pipes 22; these manifold pipes being held in position on the respective heads by crossbars 23 arranged to be clamped against the pipes by bolts 24 secured to and projecting upwardly from the respective heads through the bars and provided with nuts 'on the outer screw-threaded ends thereof so that the bars may be firmly clamped against the pi pes.

The respective valves are driven from the shafts 12 and. 13. Each valve has connected therewith a downwardly projecting stem 25, the lower end of which has a tongue and groove connection with, the short upwardly extending shaft 26, this shaft 26 having connected therewith a worm'gear 27 in mesh with a worm 28 upon the shaft 12 or 13 as the case may be; the relation of these worms and worm gears being such that the valves will be rotated at the proper speed.

In order t'hat the valves maybe properly timed ,without the necessity of changing the relation of any of theshafts or gears with respectto each other, the upper end of the shaft 26 is provided with an adjustable collar 29 arranged to be held in different positions of adjustment by'the set screw 30.

This collar has a tongue 31 adapted to pro-' ject in a groove in the head or collar 32 on the lower end of the 'valve stem 25; this collar 32 being in the present case shown as a separate piece secured to the stern by a screw 33, although ifxdesired it maybe integrally formed with said stem. After the parts have been assembled and'before the manifold pipes have beenplaced in position, it will be seen that by unloosening the set-scrws 30 the valves may be turned to the proper position for the correct timing thereof, after which the set screws will be the cover 34,'the spring tending to normally hold the cover 34 against a seat formed on the upper side of the bearing 39 for the shaft.

26,; which bearing is located in the crank cans are provided for makin the valves w wardly through the shaft 26' is a rod 40, the as the case may be, adapted to communicate upper end of which projects into a cham-.

bered part of the shaft 26 and is connected with a spring 41 therein, the other end of the spring b ng connected with a pin 42 which has 2 cw-threaded" connection with the valve st The-lower screw-threaded end of the rod 40 is provided with adjusting nuts 43 for the purpose of adjusting the tension of the springso asto apply a gentle downward pressure upon the valve stem and its valve. I

By the constructions described, there are provided valves and operating devices there.- for which will operate more quietly than the puppet valve type; further,-by having the valve operating shafts l2 and 13 driven from the crank shaft at engine speed, or substantially so, I am enabled to directly conmagneto, electric starter, generator pump, etc., thus eliminating all interns gearing. Ii2 'Wlll further beseen that ail of the sprocket wheels, or driving gears, if

nect with these shafts such accessories as the gears be employed; may'be of a uniform size 7 quick and easy manner without disturbing;

any of the operating shaftsand gearing; this construction also permitting a more accurate adjustment of the valvesihan can be had by resetting the time gears and cams found necessary. in other types of. internal combustion engines. Another advantage due to this construction is that by properly timing the valves, the engine may run in the reverse direction without thenecessity of changing the valve operating devices; also, if at any time fOund-deSirabIe the valv'es may be driven at any speed, or, at

different speeds with respect to eachother, by varying the relation of the gearing. It will also be seen that by arranging the valve so that its axis will beparallel with the axis of the cylinder, the manner of driving the avalve may be simplified and that the coneshape of the valve and seat permits the valve to sel f adjust itself to take up wear.

Having thus described my inventioh, I

claim: 1. The combination of a cylinder, a' rotatable cone-shaped valve together with:

means for operating the same, a similarly shaped seat for said valve, a valve stem connected with aid a e, a sha t has ith said valve stem and operatively connected therewith together with. means for operating said shaft, a spring in said shaft connected with said stem, and means carried by said shaft for adjusting the tension of said spring.

2. The combination of a cylinder, a rotatable valve, a valve stem connected with said valve, a shaft in line with said stem together with means for operating said shaft, an adjustable member on said shaft for connecting said stein thereto, and a spring pressed cover for said connection.

3. The combination of a cylinder, a valve and valve seat, a driven shaft, and a springpressed connection between said driven shaft and said valve including an adjustable collar for changing the timing of said valve, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a cylinder, a valve and valve seat for same, a main driving shaft, a driven shaft connected therewith, a

tension device located within the drivrn shaft, means for connecting said tension dcvic to said valve, means for adjusting the tension of said tension device, and an justable connection between said driven shaft and said valve for changing the timing of said valve, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a cylinder, a valve and valve seat therefor, amain operating shaft, a driven shaft operatively connected with same, a spring connecting said driven shaft with said valve, a rotatable connecting member on said driven shaft, and me a connecting said rotatable member with said valve whereby the valve may be timed and same may be held yieldingly in its seat.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of April, 1914,

CHARLES BALOUGH.

Witnesses:

(has; I. WnLcH, ESTHER E. PFEIFER. 

